Bava Batra 91a:14
And Rav Ḥanan bar Rava says that Rav says:
"The mother of Abraham was called Amatlai bat Karnevo. The mother of Haman was called Amatlai bat Orevati. And your mnemonic, to ensure that the two are not confused for one another, is that a raven [orev] is impure, and in this manner one remembers that Orevati is the grandmother of the impure Haman, while a sheep [kar] is pure, which indicates that Karnevo is the grandmother of the pure Abraham."
Bereishit Rabbah 38:13
“And Haran died in the presence of his father Terach.”
Rabbi Hiyya said:
Terach was a manufacturer of idols. He once went away somewhere and left Abraham to sell them in his place. A man came in and wished to buy one. "How old are you?" Abraham asked the man. "Fifty years old," he said. "Woe to such a man, who is fifty years old and would worship a day old object!" Avraham said.
On another occasion a woman came in with a plateful of flour and requested him, "Take this and offer it to them." So he took a stick and broke them, and put the stick in the hand of the largest. When his father returned he demanded, "What have you done to them?" "I cannot conceal it from you. A woman came with a plateful of fine meal and requested me to offer it to them. One claimed, 'I must eat first,' while another claimed, 'I must eat first.' Thereupon, the largest arose, took the stick and broke them." "Why do you make sport of me? Have they any knowledge?" Terach said. "Should not your ears hear what your mouth has said?" Avraham said.
Thereupon Terach seized him and delivered him to Nimrod. "Let us worship fire," Nimrod said. "Let us rather worship water which quenches fire," Avraham said. "Let us worship water," Nimrod said. "Let us rather worship the clouds which bear the water," Avraham said. "Let us then worship the clouds," Nimros said. "Let us worship the wind which disperses the clouds," Avraham said. "Let us worship the wind," Nimrod said. "Let us worship human beings which can stand up to the wind," Avraham said. "You are just bandying words, and we will worship nothing but the fire. Behold, I will cast you into it, and let your God whom you adore come and save you from it!" Nimrod said. Now Haran was standing there undecided. "If Avraham is victorious, I will say that I am of Avraham’s belief, while if Nimrod is victorious, I will say that I am on Nimrod’s side," he thought. When Avraham descended into the fiery furnace and was saved, Nimrod asked him, "Of whose belief are you?" "Of Abraham’s," he replied. Thereupon he seized him and cast him into the fire; his innards were scorched and he died in the presence of his father. Hence it is written, "And Haran died in the presence of his father Terach."
Midrash Ha-Gadol, Genesis 12:1 "And Abraham would roam in his mind, thinking, ‘How long shall we bow down to the work of our hands? It is not right to worship and bow down to anything but the earth, which brings forth fruit and sustains us.’ But when he saw that the earth needs rain, and that without the sky opening and sending down rain, the earth would grow nothing at all, then he thought again: ‘It is not right to bow down to anything but the sky.’ He looked again and saw the sun which gives light to the world, and brings forth the plants, and thought, ‘It is not right to bow down to anything but the sun.’ But when he saw the sun setting, he thought, ‘That is no god.’ He looked again at the moon and the stars that give light at night, and thought, ‘To these it is right to bow down.’ But when the dawn broke, they were all effaced, and he thought, ‘These are no gods.’ He was in distress at the thought: If these phenomena have no mover, why does one set and the other rise?… When Abraham saw the appearance and the disappearance of phenomena in nature, he thought, ‘Unless there were someone in charge, this would not happen. It is not right to bow down to these, but to the One in charge.’" (translation by Avivah Zornberg, Genesis, The Beginning of Desire, p. 83)
Apocalypse of Abraham 7:11-12
"Listen, Terah, my father, I shall seek in your presence the God who created all the gods which we consider! For who is it, or which one is it who colored heaven and made the sun golden, who has given light to the moon and the stars with it, who has dried the earth in the midst of many waters, who set you yourself among the elements, and who now has chosen me in the distraction of my mind?— Will he reveal himself by himself to us?— [He is] the God!"
"G-d said to Abram, 'Go forth from your land…'" (Genesis 12:1)
Rabbi Yitzchak opened: "Listen, daughter, look, and incline your ear, and forget your people and your father's house." (Psalms 45:11)
Rabbi Yitzchak said: This may be compared to a man who was traveling from place to place when he saw a castle aglow. He said, "Is it possible that this castle lacks a person to look after it?" The owner of the building looked at him and said to him, 'I am the master of the castle.'" What happened with Abraham our father was similar. He said, “Is it possible that this universe lacks a person to look after it?," the Holy Blessed One looked at him and said to him, 'I am the Master of the Universe.'" "And let the king be aroused by your beauty since he is your master" (Psalms 45:12) And let the king be aroused for your beauty in the universe. "And bow to him" (Psalms 45:12) Hence, G-d said to Abram, [go forth...].
Commentary from Vilna edition of Midrash Rabbah: Yaakov Moshe Hellin comments: “It seems to me that the intent is (as follows): Just as this one, who sees a birah burning, thinks, ‘Since no one is putting out the fire, certainly the birah is without a governor,’ and the owner of the birah looks out at him and says, ‘I am the owner of the birah, and it is my intention that it burn’—so, when Abraham our father saw the world go to desolation in the generation of Enosh, the flood and the dispersion (in the generation of the tower of Babel), he said, ‘Mercy; forbid! Perhaps the world is without a governor!’ The Lord then looked out at him and said, ‘I am the owner of the world, and it is my intention to destroy.’”
Bereishit Rabbah 39:2
Bereishit Rabbah 39:10
R. Berekhiah taught in the name of R. Nehemiah: This may may be illustrated by the parable of a king who, while traversing from place to place, lost a pearl from the crown of his head. The king halted and had his retinue halt. When a passer-by asked, “What is going on here with the king and his entire retinue?” they were told, “A pearl has fallen from the king’s head.” What did the king do? He heaped the soil in a number of piles, brought sieves, and sifted the first pile, but did not find the pearl… when he sifted the tenth pile, he found it. Then the passersby said, “The king has finally found his precious pearl.”
Likewise, the Holy One said to Abraham, (Lekh lekha) “Go–for you.”, it was for you that I was waiting. Otherwise, what need had I to record this [lengthy] genealogy of? Was it not on account of you? Hence it is written in Nehemiah, “You chose Abram…because you found his heart faithful before you.”
Bereishit Rabbah 40:12-19
R. Phinehas said in the name of R. Reuben: Two people were principal actors and yet made themselves subordinate: Abraham and Barak. Barak, as it is written, "And she sent and called Barak . . . And Barak said unto her : 'If thou wilt go with me, then I will go; but if thou wilt not go with me, I will not go'"… Abraham was the principal, as it is written, “And Abram took Sarai his wife”, but he made himself of secondary importance, saying, "Say, I pray thee, thou art my sister," whereupon he really became subordinate to her, as it is written, “And he dealt well with Abram for her sake.
Bereishit Rabbah 41:5
R. Berekiah said in R Judan's name: Abraham's cattle used to go out muzzled, but Lot's did not go out muzzled. Said Abraham's herdmen to them: "Has then robbery been permitted?" To which Lot's herdmen replied: "Thus did the Holy One, blessed be He, say to Abraham: 'Unto thy seed will I give this land'; now Abraham is a barren mule, who cannot beget children, therefore Lot will be his heir; if they eat, they are eating their own."
Bereishit Rabbah 41:7
R. Hanina said: The whole of this verse connotes immoral desire. Thus: “And Lot lifted up his eyes,” as you read, “And his master's wife lifted up her eyes to Joseph.”...“So Lot chose him all the plain of the Jordan, etc.” R. Jose b. Zimra said: He was Like a man who covets his mother's dowry.Book of Jasher 19:25-35
And a poor man came into the city to seek a maintenance, and he remained in the city some days, and all the people of Sodom caused a proclamation of their custom not to give this man a morsel of bread to eat, until he dropped dead upon the earth, and they did so.
And Paltith the daughter of Lot saw this man lying in the streets starved with hunger, and no one would give him any thing to keep him alive, and he was just upon the point of death.
And her soul was filled with pity on account of the man, and she fed him secretly with bread for many days, and the soul of this man was revived.
For when she went forth to fetch water she would put the bread in the water pitcher, and when she came to the place where the poor man was, she took the bread from the pitcher and gave it him to eat; so she did many days.
And all the people of Sodom and Gomorrah wondered how this man could bear starvation for so many days.
And they said to each other, This can only be that he eats and drinks, for no man can bear starvation for so many days or live as this man has, without even his countenance changing; and three men concealed themselves in a place where the poor man was stationed, to know who it was that brought him bread to eat.
And Paltith daughter of Lot went forth that day to fetch water, and she put bread into her pitcher of water, and she went to draw water by the poor man's place, and she took out the bread from the pitcher and gave it to the poor man and he ate it.
And the three men saw what Paltith did to the poor man, and they said to her, It is thou then who hast supported him, and therefore has he not starved, nor changed in appearance nor died like the rest.
And the three men went out of the place in which they were concealed, and they seized Paltith and the bread which was in the poor man's hand.
And they took Paltith and brought her before their judges, and they said to them, Thus did she do, and it is she who supplied the poor man with bread, therefore did he not die all this time; now therefore declare to us the punishment due to this woman for having transgressed our law.
And the people of Sodom and Gomorrah assembled and kindled a fire in the street of the city, and they took the woman and cast her into the fire and she was burned to ashes.
Zevachim 113bBereishit Rabbah 43:7
“And he blessed him, and said: blessed be Abram of the God most high, who has acquired heaven and earth.” From whom then did He acquire them?— Said R. Abba: as one says, So-and-so has beautiful eyes and hair. R. Isaac said: Abraham used to entertain wayfarers, and after they had eaten he would say to them, 'Say a blessing.' 'What shall we say?’ they asked. 'Blessed be the God of the Universe of Whose bounty we have eaten’ replied he. Then the Holy One, blessed be He, said to him: 'My Name was not known among My creatures, and thou hast made it known among them: I will regard thee as though thou wast associated with Me in the creation of the world’ Hence it is written, And He blessed him, and said: “Blessed be Abram of the God most high, who has acquired heaven and earth.”