Wednesday, May 24, 2023

Chapter 7: Milcah

Milcah, daughter of Haran, Abraham's Niece

Setting: Genesis 11:29-30
Extra-biblical Sources: Sanhedrin 69b:13

We followed the great Euprhates river, moving slowly on account of the livestock and the children; resting when possible in the cool shade cast by embankments.  We reached Uruk on the second day.  Uruk; our great sister city and the cradle of civilization.

Surely we might have settled at Uruk, even if outside the walls until a place was found for us within.  We have friends there, and Shulgi son of Ur-Nammu would surely have done Terah a favor and set aside some land for our family there.

At first it seemed that we would indeed make a new life in Uruk, for we loitered there not a few days.  Iscah and I spent our time looking after the slave children, scavenging for fire wood, and doing what we could to make satisfying meals from the provisions we had in the camp.  We ate a lot of bread with curds and leeks.  We might have had honey on occasion, but it seemed inappropriate to indulge in sweets while our dead father ate dirt.

His body was with us, for there is nothing more important for the dead than their burial, and we feared lest the followers of Nimrod should desecrate his tomb if he were buried close to Ur.  The plan was to bury him somewhere in the desert where he could rest in peace.  I only know this because I overheard Terah discussing the manner with Nahor.  It is not as if the men tell us anything.

It is not as if they tell us even of our own marriages, for I also overheard them discussing how to properly conduct a wedding in the camp, and I suspected that the wedding was either for myself, in need of a redeemer, or for the slave girl Kalumtum, daugher of Abdhulraman.  The way of women was upon her, and it is customary to marry slaves as soon as nature signals their fertility.


Alas, whether slavewoman or freewoman, it is not customary for any man to willingly take on marriage with one who does not experience the way of women.  And so I did not suspect that Terah and Haran spoke of a wedding for Iscah.

After a few days of encampment across the river, outside of Uruk, Terah and his servants visited the city to trade for necessary supplies that were neglected as we left Ur in haste.  The morning after they returned, it was clear that a wedding celebration was being prepared.  It was that morning that I was taken by the slave women outside of camp, that I might be prepared to meet my groom.

That evening, as Utu set and darkness fell across the land, I was brought back into the camp.  I was veiled, with costly ornaments on my wrists and ankles and neck, and what ointment and perfumes were available here in our exile had been liberally applied.

To my shock I saw that Iscah, too, had been prepared for marriage and was joining me beside Terah in the middle of the assembly.

Two trenches had been dug in the middle of camp, each roughly one cubit wide and each several cubits long.  On both side of the trenches were halves of heifers, goats, rams, and pigeons; their bodies cut in two and laid so that their blood drained from their severed bodies into the trenches.

Terah stood between these blood paths, with myself on his left and Iscah on his right.

In the darkening dusk the blood appeared a purplish black, and the flames of nearby torches danced upon it in red and yellow.  Terah called forth Nahor, who walked the blood path so that his bare feet and his white robes were splattered with the blood.  I confess that in my pity for Iscah, in which I am well-rehearsed, I looked at the blood and thought not just of these animals but of the blood that I myself produce and that Iscah does not.  I thought also of the blood that must be shed that night, as a demonstration of our purity, and I wondered if this standard applied to Iscah or how it might go for her.

As Nahor reached us, Terah declared: “Nahor, son of Terah, if you do not faithfully love, protect, and support this woman Milcah all the days of your life, may you be torn to pieces like these animals.  If you should harm her, you shall in turn be harmed.  If you should take another wife, you must not decrease her portion, or we shall require it from your hands.  Truly.  Truly.”

Nahor responded: “Be it as you have said.  If I do not love, protect, and support this woman Milcah all the days of my life, may I be as these animals.  May the Annunaki bless our union, and may Inanna grant that Milcah’s womb produce many children.  Truly.  Truly.”

The household of Terah cheered and I was led away by the women to the wedding chamber.  As we left the assembly I glanced back to see that Abram was walking the blood path toward Iscah.


Chapter 6: Amathlai

Amathlai, Abraham's Mother

Setting: Genesis 11:29-30 Extra-biblical Sources: Sanhedrin 69b:13

Terah informed me of Abram’s willingness to redeem Iscah, and Nahor to redeem Milcah. He was inclined to approve of these marriage proposals, for who could be better redeemers for our granddaughters than their nearest kin?

A marriage of Abram and Iscah seems fitting in its own tragic way. Abram, who criticized the sacred fertility rites at every opportunity, marrying the beautiful young woman for whom they never produced a cure. Abram, who never seems anxious to take for himself, claiming the one who has nothing to give.

I saw Haran burned before my eyes, a terrifying sacrifice to Nusku. And in another way I watch Abram’s life offered up before my eyes as well. For what is it but the destruction of his life, for Abram to marry a barren woman? And what is manhood but the exchange of the fertile mirage of potential for the merciless rigidity of fate?

This is what mothers do. We care for our sons, and protect them from harm, and then we offer them up to a world that sooner or later will char them into a pile of lifeless bones. We place them on the altar and allow the gods to have their way. We place them in a little basket on the rushing river and send them on their way.

Our sons are no different from ourselves. We all trade life for death, and descend into Ersetu where our only food is clay, our only drink is dust, and there is no judgment and no hope, but only shadows.

It is the secret of happiness to dance amid the flames, to laugh despite the searing heat, to lie under the stars and feel one’s heart ache and utter no complaints.

My sons are dying. Even so, Nanna, you are bright.

Monday, May 22, 2023

Chapter 5: Nahor

Nahor, son of Terah, Abram's Brother

Setting: Genesis 11:29-30 Extra-biblical Sources: 
Bereishit Rabbah 39:1
Commentary from Vilna edition of Midrash Rabbah

We sat on an outcropping overlooking the great Euphrates near a stand of reeds. It was not a dark night, for Nanna and the other gods shone brightly in the sky, but we could clearly see the distant flickering light that was Nusku’s fire consuming Terah’s compound.

I was not in a right state of mind and bitterly I said to my little brother, “Abram, great ‘friend’ of Enki - or ‘El’ as you call him - tell your friend to command Enbilulu to divert some of these powerful waters and extinguish the fire that burns up our homes and our lives.”

He sat in silence.

I continued: “Enki is a king among the Annunaki, Abram, but he is not a friend of man, and whatever authority he has delegated to the others he no longer retains for himself. The world is not a place of harmony. Life is struggle. Gods and men are at war. It is cowardice to deny it.”

Still he said nothing.

“Why does your ‘El,’ god of water and friend of man, stand by and watch with us as the world burns.”

Abram looked at me with a soft and gentle gaze. “Nahor, Terah’s house is a magnificent house. It is a palace. Even a birah. It is worth defending. It is worth protecting. It is a shelter for man and beast, a paradise in a chaotic cosmos.”

He paused and I wondered if I was somehow meant to find some kind of reassurance in his declaration that what was burning was indeed precious.

Softly, he went on.

“For all of its splendor, we have left our birah to hide here in the dark. How can you ask why El has abandoned our birah, when it is plain to see that we have abandoned it, too. How can you ask why El does not defend our world, when we do not defend it ourselves?”

“My standards for the Annunaki are higher than my standards for men.” I replied.

“Are they?” Abram asked. “Do your Annunaki not engage in every form of pettiness and treachery and lust that man engages in, only more so? Yet I commend you in your instinct to look for a higher god. One unlike man. One holy. I seek Him, too.”

I stared at him there in the darkness, unwilling to seriously entertain the thought that I somehow want gods at once more wicked and more holy than I.

“Where is he? This ‘holy one’ you seek, Abram? Where is he?”

“I fear He has abandoned His birah. Perhaps we will find him out here in the desert.”

-

That night we set a watch with Abdhulraman and his son Eliezer taking shifts overseeing the guard.

I was not sleeping when Abram approached my makeshift tent in the middle of the night and whispered quietly to me. I sat up and crossed my legs and took a moment to collect myself, and at first his words made no sense to me.

“Milcah or Iscah?”

He stared at me with anticipation and then continued: “If you should choose Milcah I would take Iscah, but if you should choose Iscah I would take Milcah, for I love them both as my own sisters.”

As my mind cleared and his meaning gradually became clear to me I stared at him in disbelief. “Abram, Iscah is barren, you know that as well as I do, and Milcah will have no trouble finding a suitor in any town in Chaldea. Do you really suggest what you seem to be suggesting?”

“It could be years before we are established in another town, and Milcah and Iscah are already at the age of childbearing. They need support, and stability, now. Haran’s name must be preserved. We are his closest kin.”

“Abram, Iscah is barren! And a thousand prayers to Inanna have not changed that. Your guilt over what happened to Haran drives you to act hastily in this matter,” I replied.

At that, he sat in silence beside my bed for so long that I thought I might have convinced him to lay aside the matter for another day. Then he spoke once more.

“I will wed Iscah when the days of mourning for Haran are ended. Who knows? The old women may be wrong. She may yet be able to conceive. And if not, would that change the fact that Iscah needs a redeemer?”


Iscah, Daughter of Haran, who is Sarai

I knew that what Abram spoke would come to pass. He would marry Iscah and I Milcah, and so we would redeem our older brother’s daughters.

It was always this way with Abram. He would run, not walk, to help the most despised and unfortunate among us.

“Very well,” I said, and rolled over as if there were any chance of sleep.

Friday, May 19, 2023

Chapter 4: Beltis

Beltis, friend of Amathlai, Abram's mother

Setting: Genesis 11:28 Extra-biblical Sources: 
Midrash Ha-Gadol, Genesis 12:1
All of the priestly families have respected the house of Terah. What good fortune for Amathlai, it was thought, that she should be married to this great man.

Her firstborn - Haran - was strong and kind; an exemplary citizen. Nahor and Abram followed, and were no less strong or kind than Haran. Theirs is a family of extreme hospitality. Even as a young boy, Abram walked calmly when going about his own business, but ran with great haste in the service of others, and this habit he maintained into manhood, despite the fact that it is undignified for our men to run except in war.

It was Abram, more than his brothers, who spent his youth in the ziggurat, close to his mother, contemplating the mysteries of Nanna. He was an avid student of religion, full of wonder and curiosity at the mystery of the Annunaki.

“If Nanna is covered in melam, then how does he shine brightly in the sky at night?” “Why is Nanna round and shiny in the sky, but he also looks like a man, and a cow when we carve him?” “When Nanna is round and shiny, how does he walk without legs? Does another god push him across the sky, or does he roll?”

With time his questions became more sophisticated, but he continued to ask them, until eventually he was asking them of the men of Ur instead of his mother and the gentler priestesses of Nanna.

As time passed he became obsessed with Enki, insisting - as do the more enthusiastic priests of Enki -  that it was he who gave to each of the other gods their allotted territories. He began to declare plainly that Enki was a greater god than all others, whose authority was universal and unrivaled. Abram would point out that the moon rules only at night and the sun only during the day, but there is never a time when water does not extinguish fire, or quench man’s thirst, or support the earth, surrounding it both above and below as a backdrop for all else.

“Foolish boy,” was most often the reply, for most men understand that the world is a place of roughly equivalent competing forces. Man is caught in the middle of a great struggle between this god and that, and it is fitting that it should be so, for if Nimsu were unrivaled all would be burned, and if Enki were unrivaled, the great flood would never have receded.

It is the very beginning of wisdom to understand that balance pervades the cosmos, else it could not be sustained at all.

When Abram was confronted with Enki’s failure to destroy mankind, as he had clearly hoped to do in the flood, Abram insisted that Enki had actually partnered with Utnapishtim, warning him in advance to build the ark and save the animals. Apparently Abram had gotten this idea from his great-grandfather, Serug.

Truthfully, the more knowledgeable students of religion would admit when pressed that this same idea was common in other parts of the world, but in general it was frowned upon to give Abram more reason to pursue his destabilizing ideas.

Yet more disturbing than his obsession with Enki was the boy’s total disregard of sacred statues. It was not uncommon for him to point out that idols are created by the hands of men, rather than men by the hands of idols. We patiently explained that the presence of the Annunaki would come and inhabit the form once it was shaped, but there was something in Abram that could not accept this fact. He was insistent that idols were inanimate because uninspired.

It was not surprising to learn that Abram had aligned himself with the cult of El. For now that I think of it, there is much in that religion that aligns with Abram’s thinking. Followers of El insist that he is the God of gods, that he is responsible for the great flood, and that he is a friend of Utnapishtim, whom they call by the strange name ‘Noach.’ Most strangely of all, they insist that no images be made of El, for he keeps his appearance secret.

They also deny that sacred prostitution has any place in his worship, and this, too, aligns with Abram’s thinking. While as a young boy it is true that he gazed in wonder at the priestesses when they exhibited themselves before the assembly, I have never seen him visit their chambers, and he has asked on more than one occasion why the Annunaki should need us to perform such rights when they might just as soon perform them themselves.

It is hard to watch a young man take such a troubling path. It is even harder to watch his mother as she watches him. How could such a kind and gentle soul as Abram, who exhibits respect for his fathers and his fellow man, disregard the very truths to which his mother devotes her life?

What could I say to Amathlai as I embraced her one last time that night? There transpired between us a knowing look of tragedy.

For the house of Terah must depart from Ur, that much was clear. Scarcely could Terah’s servants postpone Nimrod’s men from burning his house to the ground long enough to remove his household gods and a few other precious items. They departed, driving with them as many as they could wrangle of their countless livestock, and camped, I suppose, not far outside of Ur as they decided where to go next.

May the Annunaki look down and bless that righteous woman and her family.

Wednesday, May 17, 2023

Chapter 3: Terah

Terah, son of Nahor, Abraham's father

Setting: Genesis 11:28 Extra-biblical Sources: Bereishit Rabbah 38:13

I have always felt a special connection with the Annunaki and have never wavered in my devotion. Why must Abram trouble us with his relentless questions? I know that my son is not an enemy of the gods. But how many times have we told him that the men of the council will not tolerate his unorthodox assertions?

For months leading up to his arrival, the great city of Ur anticipated the coming of Nimrod, the mighty hunter. He was practically more famous than his great-grandfather Utnapishtim, and unlike Utnapishtim, who was rumored to be off in the wilderness somewhere, laying drunk and naked in his tent and hurling curses upon mankind, Nimrod was known to frequent the great cities of Chaldea.  Nimrod was said to be wearing Utnapishtim's royal garments, as handed down to him by his father Cush and his grandfather Ham, who was in rebellion against Utnapishtim over some ancient dispute.

It was Nimrod’s custom to bring game from his hunts for the locals, to visit the most beautiful priestesses, and to promote among the leading men of each town the religion of Nusku, the son of Nanna and god of fire.

Naturally my sons Haran and Nahor were excited by rumors of his coming arrival. Their names both suggesting the magnificence of fire, and their deep reverence for Nanna and all of the Annunaki, made them especially interested to see and hear from Nimrod.

And naturally, we were all a bit nervous about what Abram might say in Nimrod’s hearing.

Whatever we might have feared, none of us were prepared for what has come to pass.

It was forty days ago today that I watched my firstborn burned to death in the fires of Nusku. This is how it came to be.

Nimrod, standing tall and proud before the assembly of the town, had prepared an enormous fire in the town square with the help of the leading priestesses, Amathlai among them. As the crowds gathered, he cried with enthusiasm, “Let us worship the fire!”

It had always been Abram’s persuasion that Enki, god of water, was superior to Nusku, god of fire, inasmuch as water extinguishes fire while fire is powerless against water. Of all times to engage in such discussion, in a moment of imprudent boldness, Abram cried out to Nimrod: “Should we not then worship water, which extinguishes fire?”

Hushed gasps spread throughout the crowd, and at first a look not so much of embarrassment as annoyance came across Nimrod’s face. Yet almost as soon as his face betrayed his discomfort, a good-natured smile replaced it, for this was not a day for conflict but for brotherhood. Nimrod gestured toward the great Euphrates river, rushing not far from the magnificently thick walls of Ur, and enthusiastically declared, “Indeed, let us also worship the water!”

It was clear that Nimrod, in his own commendable way, was extending unwarranted grace to the defiant Abram. For Abram was not yet fifty years old and was speaking to one of the last remaining Gibborim, a man hundreds of years his elder, and yet if anything physically stronger than Abram no less.

The tension in the crowd dissipated and we all seemed to breathe a sigh of relief. Yet no sooner were Nimrod’s gracious words spoken then Abram was ready with another reply. “Should we not then worship the clouds, which carry the water?”

This time Nimrod was ready for Abram’s reply, and it seemed almost as if Abram, too, was prepared to conduct the exchange as a kind of lighthearted theater. And so Nimrod beamed as he promptly replied, “Yes, my son, let us worship the clouds!”

The pattern of conversation now established, and the mood seeming to lighten, Abraham continued, “Should we not then worship the wind, which scatters the clouds?”

In that moment I began to worry that Abram might not know when to stop. And I prayed that this time Nimrod would respond in turn and the moment would pass. Indeed, Nimrod smiled more openly than ever. “Let us worship the wind!”

Yet Abram did not stop. No indeed, with his next words, my heart raced wildly. “Should we not then worship man, who withstands the wind?”

“You are merely piling up words,” Nimrod grinned, “we should bow to none other than the fire. Or, if man can withstand Nusku’s fire, then I shall indeed worship man.” He gestured to the fire, as if inviting Abram to cast himself upon it. “Let us see who is victorious: mighty Nusku or the man who piles up words.”

Nimrod, son of Cush, in the Bible
Abram could have bowed in deference and declared, “Oh, wise Nimrod, I confess, we should worship only the fire.”

Instead, Abram boldly replied, “Indeed, wise Nimrod, we should not worship man. In this you have spoken rightly. For we should seek the divine not amongst ourselves, but above ourselves, in the heaven of heavens, where no eye of man has ever penetrated and where God dwells in unapproachable light. Fire is extinguished by water, and yet is carried where it does not wish by the clouds, which are driven by the whims of the winds, which are withstood by man. But El, the Maker of all things, is not contained in elements such as fire or water, nor is he trapped in the little statues that are made by my brothers and carted here or there at man’s bidding. Nor does He dwell even among the stars. Truly, even the highest heavens cannot contain Him. And it is El Elyon, possessor of heaven and earth, who has visited me in my dreams.”

Without hesitation Abram strode toward the flames of Nusku. It seemed clear that Abram would indeed cast himself into the flames, and Nimrod caught him by the beard as he strode past. “You fool! He cried, would you really defy Nusku this night?”

 Abram’s eyes were strangely calm and his voice strong, “If I perish, I perish, but I will worship the great unseen El and not the earthly elements of fire and water.”

“El” is spoken of not infrequently by travelers in Caravans from the West, trading dried fish and pottery for leather, spices, ghee, and wool, and also trading gods and sacred stories. I had not given El much thought, and it surprised me now to learn that Abram must have been meditating upon this strange diety for a long time now.

Nimrod looked at the wide-eyed crowd, and he looked at Abram, and then he looked at me. “Terah, you are revered as a religious man, and your delightful wife Amathlai an esteemed priestess. Will you speak wisdom to your son, or will he perish in the flames this night?”

I held my tongue from speaking of Nimrod’s own worthless son, Mardon. I stood speechless. How could I do otherwise? To speak at all would have been to make matters worse. But to my shock, Haran stepped forward from the crowd in defense of his younger brother.

Haran, son of Terah

“Abram is a mere child of seventy years, wise Nimrod. In time he will learn to revere Nusku.”

He turned to reason with Abram, “Is there not room in heaven and earth for both El and Nusku? Put aside this meaningless conflict and enjoy a night of revelry!”

“There is room in the cosmos for many gods,” Abram replied, “but there is only one God of gods, one Creator, and my allegiance is always and only to El.”

Two things then happened at once.

One: Nimrod, who was facing Abram, turned and began to address Haran saying “Did Terah raise not one, but two fools?”

Two: Abram strode past Nimrod directly into the raging fire and situated himself in the hottest part of the flames.

The crowd gasped. And what was there to do but to watch in horror and amazement at the nightmarish things that happened before our eyes?

Nimrod turned to see Abrams position in the fire and bellowed before the crowd, “behold the fate of the man who dares to challenge the supremacy of Nusku! He will repent and be badly burned, or he will die in his arrogance!”

It was not a common sight to watch a human being burned alive.

True, a few of the gods received our young children from our arms to die in the fires of sacrifice, yet it was common practice for them to be tossed - or otherwise allowed to roll - down into the belly of the god where the shrieks were heard but the misery was not beheld by the mother’s eyes.

Abram did not shriek like a child. Indeed, he showed no signs of pain at all. At first we attributed this to an exercise of his will, but with time we saw that his clothing remained intact and his skin remained unblackened. We realized that the gods were preserving Abram in the fire!

The whole assembly was thrown into a state of confusion, as Abram gazed serenely out of the flames. Each man had a theory about what was happening. “He is a demon, sent by Nusku to test our faith!” “Abram is protected by Nanna. Nanna is El and Nanna is greater than Nusku!” “Abram is a secret child of the Annunaki, playing tricks on man to stir up trouble!” Many speculations such as these they cried out.

It was clear that this incredible phenomenon demanded an interpretation, and two general camps began to coalesce: those for Abram and the gods he represented, and those against him and his unpardonable rebellion. If Nimrod did not act to restore order, the night might devolve into utter chaos.

Nimrod turned to Haran and demanded, “denounce your brother now before all or join him in the fire! Say it, he is a demon!”

“My brother is no demon, he is the most upright man I know.” Haran declared. And with that, in one swift motion, Nimrod lifted Haran above his head and flung him into the flames.

Haran cried in terror and Amathlai cried even louder, and the whole town erupted into loud arguments and complete disorder. As I and my household ran to the edge of the flames we saw with great horror that Haran lay in the midst of the flames, writhing in agony, his clothes burning brightly and his body beginning to blacken.

Abdhulraman of Damascus, my most loyal and hardworking slave, threw off his outer garments and dashed into the flames to remove Haran’s body. 

Abdhulraman of Damascus, father of Eliezer of Damascus

It was a valiant and noble action, which singed his beard and burned his skin so that he was uncomfortable in the hot sun for weeks afterward.

But Haran was dead.

Monday, May 15, 2023

Chapter 2: Nahor

Nahor, son of Terah - Abram's Older Brother

Setting: Genesis 11:27
Extra-biblical Sources: Bereishit Rabbah 38:13

When Abram was born to our mother Amathlai, nearly three hundred years had passed since the great flood.  I had lived fourteen years and our brother Haran nineteen.

What possessed Amathlai to name him Abram I do not know, for who would imagine that a thirdborn son would become an exalted father?  And now the Annunaki punish her for her arrogance in naming him thus, for in marrying Iscah he is now less a father than before.  But I am getting ahead of myself.

Amathlai says that Abram was always this way.  Content and unperturbed, yet unpardonably skeptical of our religion and at times stubborn beyond all reason.  I remember conversing with Haran even when Abram was a young boy, and in turn reasoning with Abram himself, about his troubling habit of questioning the sacred rights of the Annunaki.
He spent much of his time with mother in the ziggurat, but as he grew older he spent more time at father’s idol shop as well, and on hot days when business was practically nonexistent, we would kick a leather ball back and forth between each other and argue about the Annunaki.

Abram must have been no older than fourteen on the day when he kicked the ball too hard and too far and it crashed right into the idols of Nanna, Enlil, and Enki.  In the bright noonday sun we could not see into the dark interior of the shop, but what we heard told us that sacred images had been shattered.  I confess that my initial reaction was to fear the wrath of Terah when he learned what had happened.  But as I entered the shop and gazed at the broken images, I was gripped with fear of the gods as well, and what kind of terrible omen this must be.

Abram was calm, as only he could have been, yet even his nonchalant appearance did not prepare me for the words that came from his mouth.  ‘They’re only statues.  I can help Haran make more.”  

Young Abram, son of Terah

I was expected among the council that afternoon and I rehearsed with Abram over and over the seriousness of the situation.  Of the steps we must take to atone for our carelessness and the remorse we must show when discussing this with Terah.


I should have known not to leave him there alone to explain what had happened when Terah returned.

I learned that evening of the plan that Abram had concocted in my absence.  He had taken a stick and placed it in the hand of our largest Nanna, and situated him amongst the shattered idols.  When Terah had returned and demanded an explanation for the scene, Abram had explained that the gods had been arguing over who was to be king, and that Nanna had taken the stick in his hand and broken the other gods for their insubordination.

In his telling, Terah made no mention of what was spoken next, but later Haran told me of what followed.  When told that Nanna had broken the other idols, Terah in his exasperation had gestured toward the statue and blurted out “Do not tell me that Nanna has done this, he is only a statue and has no knowledge.”  The blasphemy that Terah had spoken in haste and by accident Abram reiterated with satisfaction, “you deny that these statues have any life, yet you worship them!”  And Terah - so I was told - was stunned into silence and fell to the ground, clutching his bowels in despair.

A few months later, a young man came into the shop looking for a plump, attractive fertility goddess to aid his wife in conceiving.  Abram was at that time alone in the shop, and when the man entered, Abram asked him how old he was.  The man, named Gungunu, responded that he had lived fifty one years.  To which, Abram responded, “you are fifty years old and yet you would worship a statue that was made by my brother yesterday?”

To hear Abram tell it, the man left at once in embarrassment and shame.  Yet surely he left not in shame but in great distress, and went straight to visit the boy’s mother in the ziggurat.  Would that she had been available at that moment instead of performing some sacred rite, for Gungunu was so incensed by what he had experienced that he spoke to the nearest priest that he could find, and a great stir began to arise about the whole situation.

Before long there was a crowd of leading elders and not a few troublemakers outside of Terah’s tent, and discussions lasted late into the night about what should be done with the boy.  What good fortune for Abram, to have a leading elder as a father and a much-liked priestess as a mother.  For otherwise they might scarcely have preserved his life.

Oh, that we were still young boys who could be defended by our venerable parents.  This time, I am afraid, even Terah and Amathlai cannot save us.

Friday, May 12, 2023

Chapter 1: Serug


Extra-biblical Sources: Bava Batra 91a:14

I was born one hundred and sixty years after the flood, and my firstborn Nahor was born thirty years after I.

Man is a vulnerable thing and the cosmos is a tempestuous place.  


I mourned my firstborn, who died when he had lived but one hundred and forty-eight years.  The Nephilim and the Gibborim, those men of old and of great renown in the days before the flood, lived more than nine hundred years.  But the Annunaki became angry with us, and flooded the earth to drown us, and when Utnapishtim outwitted them with his great ark, in their anger they declared that their breath would depart from us.  The strength of man alone, without the breath of the Annunaki in him, does not endure on the earth so long.


Though I suspect that the great Enki was actually allied with Utnapishtim in his actions and is even now our heavenly ally.  It may be that without this special friendship we could not hope to live even three or four hundred years.  For without the breath of a god in our nostrils, how could we live at all?


I had lived but one hundred and seventy-eight years, and was still young and strong, when my son went down to the dark waters of the underworld in my presence.  It is an unnatural despair to lose one’s child. The grief of it is so great that only on my strongest days does my soul in its resilience catch some small glimpse of that vast, vast world which is the uncrossable desert of my pain. To be rid of that pain is impossible; to feel even some small part of it is the labor of my life.


And what of my father, Reu, who lived to bury the son of his son?  My father’s father, Peleg died not one year before my son Nahor.  As the lifespan of man shortens it seems that all the glory of the ancient world dissipates.  Indeed, things just are not as they used to be.


Concerning my deceased son Nahor: as his name, so was he; a man whose life burned hot and short.  And in the strength of his youth, when he had lived but twenty and nine years, Nahor begat Terah.  


Terah, son of Nahor, Abraham's Father


Terah, the son of my son, is an unusual man.  He lives his life not with the hot intensity of his father but in a sort of calm and daydreaming contentment.  Yet his calm demeanor by no means indicates a lack of religious devotion, for even from his youth Terah was especially religious in his worship of the Annunaki.


This was my hope even before Nahor named him for the moon, who is our great god Nanna.  And given the atmosphere of Ur, and the upbringing he received from myself and his other living fathers, his religious devotion was to be expected.


Young Terah watched in amazement as the great Ziggurat of Nanna rose before his eyes at the zealous direction of King Ur-Nammu.  When it was complete, it was 480 cubits in circumference and almost as tall as it was wide.  The pride of Chaldea and a place practically crawling with the melam of the Annunaki.


The magnificence of the Ziggurat seemed to the inhabitants of Ur to be an obvious sign of the favor of the Annunaki upon the town, and this inspired great devotion in young Terah.  On the other hand, its ambitious size and flamboyant multicolored design inspired in myself not celebration but a certain dread, lest the great structure be interpreted by the Annunaki not as an act of worship but as an act of human pride.  And this dread inspired me to instill in Terah a devotion even greater still.


I used what influence I had to insist that the devotions of all the town toward the Annunaki be all the more frequent and conspicuous in order to avoid a divine misunderstanding about the meaning of the Ziggurat.  For in those days the memory of Shinar still haunted my sleep, and I feared lest what had happened before might happen again, if the gods should again become angry at our magnificent Ziggurat and our marvelous city. 

The remnants of that great tower, named Babel, still litter the ground as a testament to what the Annunaki wrought among us.  We build and we build until they level us, and then we build again.  But when will we learn humility?

With great zeal I sought to avoid offending the Annunaki, and this zeal of mine resulted in our family being rather well regarded by the priests and priestesses of Nanna.


None heeded my religious warnings with as much purity and dedication as did young Terah.  His was a faith pure, childlike, and unquestioning.  And as he grew into the strength of manhood his faith did not waver.  It was with great pleasure that I learned that Nahor had arranged for Amathlai, one of the leading priestesses and a daughter of Cornebo, to become Terah’s first wife. 


Amathlai, daughter of Cornebo - Abram's mother / Terah's wife

In time it became Terah's occupation to oversee the shop where Cornebo sold idols of the Seven: Nanna, Enlil, Enki, An, Ninhursag, Utu, and Inanna.  


Yet for all his devotion, what great trouble would eventually beset Terah!  This man so religious would find in religion such turmoil.


Man is a vulnerable thing and the cosmos is a tempestuous place.  


May the Annunaki look down and have pity on us.